class ActiveRecord::Validations::UniquenessValidator

def build_relation(klass, attribute, value)
  if reflection = klass._reflect_on_association(attribute)
    attribute = reflection.foreign_key
    value = value.attributes[reflection.klass.primary_key] unless value.nil?
  end
  if value.nil?
    return klass.unscoped.where!(attribute => value)
  end
  # the attribute may be an aliased attribute
  if klass.attribute_alias?(attribute)
    attribute = klass.attribute_alias(attribute)
  end
  attribute_name = attribute.to_s
  value = klass.predicate_builder.build_bind_attribute(attribute_name, value)
  table = klass.arel_table
  column = klass.columns_hash[attribute_name]
  comparison = if !options[:case_sensitive]
    # will use SQL LOWER function before comparison, unless it detects a case insensitive collation
    klass.connection.case_insensitive_comparison(table, attribute, column, value)
  else
    klass.connection.case_sensitive_comparison(table, attribute, column, value)
  end
  klass.unscoped.where!(comparison)
end

def find_finder_class_for(record)
  class_hierarchy = [record.class]
  while class_hierarchy.first != @klass
    class_hierarchy.unshift(class_hierarchy.first.superclass)
  end
  class_hierarchy.detect { |klass| !klass.abstract_class? }
end

def initialize(options)
  if options[:conditions] && !options[:conditions].respond_to?(:call)
    raise ArgumentError, "#{options[:conditions]} was passed as :conditions but is not callable. " \
                         "Pass a callable instead: `conditions: -> { where(approved: true) }`"
  end
  unless Array(options[:scope]).all? { |scope| scope.respond_to?(:to_sym) }
    raise ArgumentError, "#{options[:scope]} is not supported format for :scope option. " \
      "Pass a symbol or an array of symbols instead: `scope: :user_id`"
  end
  super({ case_sensitive: true }.merge!(options))
  @klass = options[:class]
end

def map_enum_attribute(klass, attribute, value)
  mapping = klass.defined_enums[attribute.to_s]
  value = mapping[value] if value && mapping
  value
end

def scope_relation(record, relation)
  Array(options[:scope]).each do |scope_item|
    scope_value = if record.class._reflect_on_association(scope_item)
      record.association(scope_item).reader
    else
      record._read_attribute(scope_item)
    end
    relation = relation.where(scope_item => scope_value)
  end
  relation
end

def validate_each(record, attribute, value)
  finder_class = find_finder_class_for(record)
  value = map_enum_attribute(finder_class, attribute, value)
  relation = build_relation(finder_class, attribute, value)
  if record.persisted?
    if finder_class.primary_key
      relation = relation.where.not(finder_class.primary_key => record.id_in_database)
    else
      raise UnknownPrimaryKey.new(finder_class, "Can not validate uniqueness for persisted record without primary key.")
    end
  end
  relation = scope_relation(record, relation)
  relation = relation.merge(options[:conditions]) if options[:conditions]
  if relation.exists?
    error_options = options.except(:case_sensitive, :scope, :conditions)
    error_options[:value] = value
    record.errors.add(attribute, :taken, error_options)
  end
end