class Module

def parent

Module.new.parent # => Object
M.parent # => Object

The parent of top-level and anonymous modules is Object.

X.parent # => M
M::N.parent # => M

X = M::N
end
end
module N
module M

Returns the module which contains this one according to its name. 
def parent
  parent_name ? ActiveSupport::Inflector.constantize(parent_name) : Object
end