class Diff::LCS::Hunk

contain one block.) Used in the diff program (bin/diff).
surrounding each block. (So if we’re not using context, every hunk will
A Hunk is a group of Blocks which overlap because of the context

def context_diff

def context_diff
  s = encode("***************\n")
  s << encode("*** #{context_range(:old)} ****\n")
  r = context_range(:new)
  # Print out file 1 part for each block in context diff format if there
  # are any blocks that remove items
  lo, hi = @start_old, @end_old
  removes = @blocks.select { |e| not e.remove.empty? }
  if removes
    outlist = @data_old[lo .. hi].map { |e| e.insert(0, encode(' ')) }
    removes.each do |block|
      block.remove.each do |item|
        outlist[item.position - lo][0, 1] = encode(block.op) # - or !
      end
    end
    s << outlist.join("\n")
  end
  s << encode("\n--- #{r} ----\n")
  lo, hi = @start_new, @end_new
  inserts = @blocks.select { |e| not e.insert.empty? }
  if inserts
    outlist = @data_new[lo .. hi].collect { |e| e.insert(0, encode(' ')) }
    inserts.each do |block|
      block.insert.each do |item|
        outlist[item.position - lo][0, 1] = encode(block.op) # + or !
      end
    end
    s << outlist.join("\n")
  end
  s
end

def context_range(mode, op = ',')

range has only one item in it. Otherwise, it's 'start,end'
Generate a range of item numbers to print. Only print 1 number if the
def context_range(mode, op = ',')
  case mode
  when :old
    s, e = (@start_old + 1), (@end_old + 1)
  when :new
    s, e = (@start_new + 1), (@end_new + 1)
  end
  (s < e) ? "#{s}#{op}#{e}" : "#{e}"
end

def diff(format)

Returns a diff string based on a format.
def diff(format)
  case format
  when :old
    old_diff
  when :unified
    unified_diff
  when :context
    context_diff
  when :ed
    self
  when :reverse_ed, :ed_finish
    ed_diff(format)
  else
    raise "Unknown diff format #{format}."
  end
end

def ed_diff(format)

def ed_diff(format)
  op_act = { "+" => 'a', "-" => 'd', "!" => "c" }
  warn "Expecting only one block in an old diff hunk!" if @blocks.size > 1
  if format == :reverse_ed
    s = encode("#{op_act[@blocks[0].op]}#{context_range(:old)}\n")
  else
    s = encode("#{context_range(:old, ' ')}#{op_act[@blocks[0].op]}\n")
  end
  unless @blocks[0].insert.empty?
    @data_new[@start_new .. @end_new].each { |e| s << e + encode("\n") }
    s << encode(".\n")
  end
  s
end

def encode(literal, target_encoding = @preferred_data_encoding)

def encode(literal, target_encoding = @preferred_data_encoding)
  literal.encode target_encoding
end

def encode(literal, target_encoding = nil)

def encode(literal, target_encoding = nil)
  literal
end

def encode_as(string, *args)

def encode_as(string, *args)
  args.map { |arg| arg.encode(string.encoding) }
end

def encode_as(string, *args)

def encode_as(string, *args)
  args
end

def flag_context=(context) #:nodoc:

:nodoc:
def flag_context=(context) #:nodoc:
  return if context.nil? or context.zero?
  add_start = (context > @start_old) ? @start_old : context
  @start_old -= add_start
  @start_new -= add_start
  if (@end_old + context) > @data_old.size
    add_end = @data_old.size - @end_old
  else
    add_end = context
  end
  @end_old += add_end
  @end_new += add_end
end

def initialize(data_old, data_new, piece, flag_context, file_length_difference)

the piece of data.
Create a hunk using references to both the old and new data, as well as
def initialize(data_old, data_new, piece, flag_context, file_length_difference)
  # At first, a hunk will have just one Block in it
  @blocks = [ Diff::LCS::Block.new(piece) ]
  if String.method_defined?(:encoding)
    @preferred_data_encoding = data_old.fetch(0, data_new.fetch(0,'') ).encoding
  end
  @data_old = data_old
  @data_new = data_new
  before = after = file_length_difference
  after += @blocks[0].diff_size
  @file_length_difference = after # The caller must get this manually
  # Save the start & end of each array. If the array doesn't exist (e.g.,
  # we're only adding items in this block), then figure out the line
  # number based on the line number of the other file and the current
  # difference in file lengths.
  if @blocks[0].remove.empty?
    a1 = a2 = nil
  else
    a1 = @blocks[0].remove[0].position
    a2 = @blocks[0].remove[-1].position
  end
  if @blocks[0].insert.empty?
    b1 = b2 = nil
  else
    b1 = @blocks[0].insert[0].position
    b2 = @blocks[0].insert[-1].position
  end
  @start_old = a1 || (b1 - before)
  @start_new = b1 || (a1 + before)
  @end_old   = a2 || (b2 - after)
  @end_new   = b2 || (a2 + after)
  self.flag_context = flag_context
end

def merge(hunk)

was skipped.
a truthy value so that if there is no overlap, you can know the merge
Merges this hunk and the provided hunk together if they overlap. Returns
def merge(hunk)
  if overlaps?(hunk)
    @start_old = hunk.start_old
    @start_new = hunk.start_new
    blocks.unshift(*hunk.blocks)
  else
    nil
  end
end

def old_diff

there's only one block in the hunk.
Note that an old diff can't have any context. Therefore, we know that
def old_diff
  warn "Expecting only one block in an old diff hunk!" if @blocks.size > 1
  op_act = { "+" => 'a', "-" => 'd', "!" => "c" }
  block = @blocks[0]
  # Calculate item number range. Old diff range is just like a context
  # diff range, except the ranges are on one line with the action between
  # them.
  s = encode("#{context_range(:old)}#{op_act[block.op]}#{context_range(:new)}\n")
  # If removing anything, just print out all the remove lines in the hunk
  # which is just all the remove lines in the block.
  @data_old[@start_old .. @end_old].each { |e| s << encode("< ") + e + encode("\n") } unless block.remove.empty?
  s << encode("---\n") if block.op == "!"
  @data_new[@start_new .. @end_new].each { |e| s << encode("> ") + e + encode("\n") } unless block.insert.empty?
  s
end

def overlaps?(hunk)

start or end positions is within one position of each other.
provided hunk. This will be true if the difference between the two hunks
Determines whether there is an overlap between this hunk and the
def overlaps?(hunk)
  hunk and (((@start_old - hunk.end_old) <= 1) or
            ((@start_new - hunk.end_new) <= 1))
end

def unified_diff

def unified_diff
  # Calculate item number range.
  s = encode("@@ -#{unified_range(:old)} +#{unified_range(:new)} @@\n")
  # Outlist starts containing the hunk of the old file. Removing an item
  # just means putting a '-' in front of it. Inserting an item requires
  # getting it from the new file and splicing it in. We splice in
  # +num_added+ items. Remove blocks use +num_added+ because splicing
  # changed the length of outlist.
  #
  # We remove +num_removed+ items. Insert blocks use +num_removed+
  # because their item numbers -- corresponding to positions in the NEW
  # file -- don't take removed items into account.
  lo, hi, num_added, num_removed = @start_old, @end_old, 0, 0
  outlist = @data_old[lo .. hi].map { |e| e.insert(0, encode(' ')) }
  @blocks.each do |block|
    block.remove.each do |item|
      op     = item.action.to_s # -
      offset = item.position - lo + num_added
      outlist[offset][0, 1] = encode(op)
      num_removed += 1
    end
    block.insert.each do |item|
      op     = item.action.to_s # +
      offset = item.position - @start_new + num_removed
      outlist[offset, 0] = encode(op) + @data_new[item.position]
      num_added += 1
    end
  end
  s << outlist.join(encode("\n"))
end

def unified_range(mode)

(don't print number of lines if it's 1)
where block starts, followed by number of lines in the block
Generate a range of item numbers to print for unified diff. Print number
def unified_range(mode)
  case mode
  when :old
    s, e = (@start_old + 1), (@end_old + 1)
  when :new
    s, e = (@start_new + 1), (@end_new + 1)
  end
  length = e - s + 1
  first = (length < 2) ? e : s # "strange, but correct"
  (length == 1) ? "#{first}" : "#{first},#{length}"
end