class ElasticAPM::Stacktrace

def strip_load_path(path)
  return nil unless path
  prefix =
    $LOAD_PATH
    .map(&:to_s)
    .select { |s| path.start_with?(s) }
    .sort_by(&:length)
    .last
  return path unless prefix
  path[prefix.chomp(File::SEPARATOR).length + 1..-1]
end