class ElasticAPM::StacktraceBuilder

def strip_load_path(path)
  return nil if path.nil?
  prefix =
    $LOAD_PATH
    .map(&:to_s)
    .select { |s| path.start_with?(s) }
    .max_by(&:length)
  prefix ? path[prefix.chomp(File::SEPARATOR).length + 1..-1] : path
end