class PDF::Reader::Buffer
the raw tokens into objects we can work with (strings, ints, arrays, etc)
This will usually be used in conjunction with PDF:Reader::Parser, which converts
This is very low level, and getting the raw tokens is not very useful in itself.
string, repeated calls to token() will return the next token from the source.
A string tokeniser that recognises PDF grammar. When passed an IO stream or a
def empty?
return true if there are no more tokens left
def empty? prepare_tokens if @tokens.size < 3 @tokens.empty? end
def find_first_xref_offset
return the byte offset where the first XRef table in th source can be found.
def find_first_xref_offset @io.seek(-1024, IO::SEEK_END) rescue @io.seek(0) data = @io.read(1024) # the PDF 1.7 spec (section #3.4) says that EOL markers can be either \r, \n, or both. lines = data.split(/[\n\r]+/).reverse eof_index = lines.index { |l| l.strip == "%%EOF" } raise MalformedPDFError, "PDF does not contain EOF marker" if eof_index.nil? raise MalformedPDFError, "PDF EOF marker does not follow offset" if eof_index >= lines.size-1 lines[eof_index+1].to_i end
def in_content_stream?
Returns true if this buffer is parsing a content stream
def in_content_stream? @in_content_stream ? true : false end
def initialize (io, opts = {})
content stream. Defaults to false
:content_stream - set to true if buffer will be tokenising a
:seek - a byte offset to seek to before starting to tokenise
options:
io - an IO stream or string with the raw data to tokenise
Params:
Creates a new buffer.
def initialize (io, opts = {}) @io = io @tokens = [] @in_content_stream = opts[:content_stream] @io.seek(opts[:seek]) if opts[:seek] @pos = @io.pos end
def merge_indirect_reference
expensive regexp checks if possible.
indirect reference, so test for that case first and avoid the relatively
It's incredibly likely that the next 3 tokens in the buffer are NOT an
that extra check.
like an indirect object. For optimisation reasons, I'd rather avoid
code further up the stack would need to check every token to see if it looks
Merging them into a single string was another option, but that would mean
them, replace the tokens with a PDF::Reader::Reference instance.
detect a series of 3 tokens that make up an indirect object. If we find
def merge_indirect_reference return if @tokens.size < 3 return if @tokens[2] != "R" if @tokens[0].match(/\d+/) && @tokens[1].match(/\d+/) @tokens[0] = PDF::Reader::Reference.new(@tokens[0].to_i, @tokens[1].to_i) @tokens[1] = nil @tokens[2] = nil @tokens.compact! end end
def peek_byte
untouched
peek at the next character in the io stream, leaving the stream position
def peek_byte byte = @io.getbyte @io.seek(-1, IO::SEEK_CUR) if byte byte end
def prepare_hex_token
we find a closing >
if we're currently inside a hex string, read hex nibbles until
def prepare_hex_token str = "" finished = false while !finished byte = @io.getbyte if byte.nil? finished = true # unbalanced params elsif (48..57).include?(byte) || (65..90).include?(byte) || (97..122).include?(byte) str << byte.chr elsif byte <= 32 # ignore it else @tokens << str if str.size > 0 @tokens << ">" if byte != 0x3E # '>' @tokens << byte.chr finished = true end end end
def prepare_inline_token
def prepare_inline_token str = "" buffer = [] until buffer[0] =~ /\s/ && buffer[1, 2] == ["E", "I"] chr = @io.read(1) buffer << chr if buffer.length > 3 str << buffer.shift end end @tokens << string_token(str.strip) @io.seek(-3, IO::SEEK_CUR) unless chr.nil? end
def prepare_literal_token
problem.
processing to fix things like escaped new lines, but that's someone else's
The entire literal string will be returned as a single token. It will need further
string.
start of a new token in regular mode are left untouched when inside a literal
we find the closing ) delimiter. Lots of bytes that would otherwise indicate the
if we're currently inside a literal string we more or less just read bytes until
def prepare_literal_token str = "" count = 1 while count > 0 byte = @io.getbyte if byte.nil? count = 0 # unbalanced params elsif byte == 0x5C str << byte.chr << @io.getbyte.chr elsif byte == 0x28 # "(" str << "(" count += 1 elsif byte == 0x29 # ")" count -= 1 str << ")" unless count == 0 else str << byte.chr unless count == 0 end end @tokens << str if str.size > 0 @tokens << ")" end
def prepare_regular_token
to read up on it.
What each byte means is complex, check out section "3.1.1 Character Set" of the 1.7 spec
Extract the next regular token and stock it in our buffer, ready to be returned.
def prepare_regular_token tok = "" while byte = @io.getbyte case byte when 0x25 # comment, ignore everything until the next EOL char done = false while !done byte = @io.getbyte done = true if byte.nil? || byte == 0x0A || byte == 0x0D end when *TOKEN_WHITESPACE # white space, token finished @tokens << tok if tok.size > 0 #If the token was empty, chomp the rest of the whitespace too while TOKEN_WHITESPACE.include?(peek_byte) && tok.size == 0 @io.getbyte end tok = "" break when 0x3C # opening delimiter '<', start of new token @tokens << tok if tok.size > 0 if peek_byte == 0x3C # check if token is actually '<<' @io.getbyte @tokens << "<<" else @tokens << "<" end tok = "" break when 0x3E # closing delimiter '>', start of new token @tokens << tok if tok.size > 0 if peek_byte == 0x3E # check if token is actually '>>' @io.getbyte @tokens << ">>" else @tokens << byte.chr end tok = "" break when 0x28, 0x5B, 0x7B # opening delimiter, start of new token @tokens << tok if tok.size > 0 @tokens << byte.chr tok = "" break when 0x29, 0x5D, 0x7D # closing delimiter @tokens << tok if tok.size > 0 @tokens << byte.chr tok = "" break when 0x2F # PDF name, start of new token @tokens << tok if tok.size > 0 @tokens << byte.chr @tokens << "" if byte == 0x2F && [nil, 0x20, 0x0A].include?(peek_byte) tok = "" break else tok << byte.chr end end @tokens << tok if tok.size > 0 end
def prepare_tokens
attempt to prime the buffer with the next few tokens.
def prepare_tokens 10.times do case state when :literal_string then prepare_literal_token when :hex_string then prepare_hex_token when :regular then prepare_regular_token when :inline then prepare_inline_token end end save_pos end
def read(bytes, opts = {})
is sitting under the io cursor.
:skip_eol - if true, the IO stream is advanced past a CRLF or LF that
options:
bytes - the number of bytes to read
return raw bytes from the underlying IO stream.
def read(bytes, opts = {}) reset_pos if opts[:skip_eol] @io.seek(-1, IO::SEEK_CUR) str = @io.read(2) if str.nil? return nil elsif str == "\r\n" # do nothing elsif str[0,1] == "\n" @io.seek(-1, IO::SEEK_CUR) else @io.seek(-2, IO::SEEK_CUR) end end bytes = @io.read(bytes) save_pos bytes end
def reset_pos
Some bastard moved our IO stream cursor. Restore it.
def reset_pos @io.seek(@pos) if @io.pos != @pos end
def save_pos
moves the cursor, we can then restore it.
save the current position of the source IO stream. If someone else (like another buffer)
def save_pos @pos = @io.pos end
def state
Determine the current context/state by examining the last token we found
tokenising behaves slightly differently based on the current context.
def state case @tokens.last when "(" then :literal_string when "<" then :hex_string when "stream" then :stream when "ID" if in_content_stream? && @tokens[-2] != "/" :inline else :regular end else :regular end end
def string_token(token)
to tokens that should remain as strings.
into higher level tokens. This methods adds a to_token() method
for a handful of tokens we want to tell the parser how to convert them
def string_token(token) def token.to_token to_s end token end
def token
is found, nil if there are no tokens left.
return the next token from the source. Returns a string if a token
def token reset_pos prepare_tokens if @tokens.size < 3 merge_indirect_reference prepare_tokens if @tokens.size < 3 @tokens.shift end