class Puma::CommonLogger

sure)
(which is called without arguments in order to make the error appear for
(which takes a single argument that responds to to_s), and flush
According to the SPEC, the error stream must also respond to puts
expected to have either write or +<<+ method, which accepts the CommonLogger::FORMAT.
logger can be any class, including the standard library Logger, and is
an instance of Rack::NullLogger.
If logger is nil, CommonLogger will fall back rack.errors, which is
to the logger.
logs a line in the
Rack::CommonLogger forwards every request to the given app, and

def call(env)

def call(env)
  began_at = Time.now
  status, header, body = @app.call(env)
  header = Util::HeaderHash.new(header)
  # If we've been hijacked, then output a special line
  if env['rack.hijack_io']
    log_hijacking(env, 'HIJACK', header, began_at)
  else
    ary = env['rack.after_reply']
    ary << lambda { log(env, status, header, began_at) }
  end
  [status, header, body]
end

def extract_content_length(headers)

def extract_content_length(headers)
  value = headers[CONTENT_LENGTH] or return '-'
  value.to_s == '0' ? '-' : value
end

def initialize(app, logger=nil)

def initialize(app, logger=nil)
  @app = app
  @logger = logger
end

def log(env, status, header, began_at)

def log(env, status, header, began_at)
  now = Time.now
  length = extract_content_length(header)
  msg = FORMAT % [
    env[HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR] || env[REMOTE_ADDR] || "-",
    env[REMOTE_USER] || "-",
    now.strftime(LOG_TIME_FORMAT),
    env[REQUEST_METHOD],
    env[PATH_INFO],
    env[QUERY_STRING].empty? ? "" : "?#{env[QUERY_STRING]}",
    env[HTTP_VERSION],
    status.to_s[0..3],
    length,
    now - began_at ]
  write(msg)
end

def log_hijacking(env, status, header, began_at)

def log_hijacking(env, status, header, began_at)
  now = Time.now
  msg = HIJACK_FORMAT % [
    env[HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR] || env[REMOTE_ADDR] || "-",
    env[REMOTE_USER] || "-",
    now.strftime(LOG_TIME_FORMAT),
    env[REQUEST_METHOD],
    env[PATH_INFO],
    env[QUERY_STRING].empty? ? "" : "?#{env[QUERY_STRING]}",
    env[HTTP_VERSION],
    now - began_at ]
  write(msg)
end

def write(msg)

def write(msg)
  logger = @logger || env['rack.errors']
  # Standard library logger doesn't support write but it supports << which actually
  # calls to write on the log device without formatting
  if logger.respond_to?(:write)
    logger.write(msg)
  else
    logger << msg
  end
end