class ActionController::Metal


other features you can bring into your metal controller.
You can refer to the modules included in ActionController::Base to see
== Other Helpers
end
end
redirect_to root_url
def index
include Rails.application.routes.url_helpers
include ActionController::Redirecting
class HelloController < ActionController::Metal
To add redirection helpers to your metal controller, do the following:
== Redirection Helpers
end
end
render “hello/index”
def index
append_view_path “#{Rails.root}/app/views”
include ActionView::Layouts
include AbstractController::Rendering
class HelloController < ActionController::Metal
can do the following:
add the render helpers you’re used to having in a normal controller, you
response_body=, content_type=, and status=. To
views, partials, or other responses aside from explicitly calling of
ActionController::Metal by default provides no utilities for rendering
== Rendering Helpers
router to dispatch to.
The action method returns a valid Rack application for the Rails
get ‘hello’, to: HelloController.action(:index)
something like this to config/routes.rb:
And then to route requests to your metal controller, you would add
end
end
self.response_body = “Hello World!”
def index
class HelloController < ActionController::Metal
A sample metal controller might look like this:
ActionController::Base.
valid Rack interface without the additional niceties provided by
ActionController::Metal is the simplest possible controller, providing a
= Action Controller Metal

def self.action(name)

Returns a Rack endpoint for the given action name. 
def self.action(name)
  app = lambda { |env|
    req = ActionDispatch::Request.new(env)
    res = make_response! req
    new.dispatch(name, req, res)
  }
  if middleware_stack.any?
    middleware_stack.build(name, app)
  else
    app
  end
end

def self.action_encoding_template(action) # :nodoc:

:nodoc: 
def self.action_encoding_template(action) # :nodoc:
  false
end

def self.controller_name

* string
==== Returns

Namespaces are left out, so +Admin::PostsController+ returns posts as well.
Controller. For instance, +PostsController+ returns posts.
Returns the last part of the controller's name, underscored, without the ending 
def self.controller_name
  @controller_name ||= (name.demodulize.delete_suffix("Controller").underscore unless anonymous?)
end

def self.dispatch(name, req, res)

executes the action named +name+.
Direct dispatch to the controller. Instantiates the controller, then 
def self.dispatch(name, req, res)
  if middleware_stack.any?
    middleware_stack.build(name) { |env| new.dispatch(name, req, res) }.call req.env
  else
    new.dispatch(name, req, res)
  end
end

def self.make_response!(request) 

def self.make_response!(request)
  ActionDispatch::Response.new.tap do |res|
    res.request = request
  end
end

def self.middleware

in the guides.
stack}[https://guides.rubyonrails.org/rails_on_rack.html#action-dispatcher-middleware-stack]
Read more about {Rails middleware

end
use AuthenticationMiddleware, except: [:index, :show]
class PostsController < ApplicationController

allows for the following syntax:
By default uses a variation of ActionDispatch::MiddlewareStack which

The middleware stack used by this controller. 
def self.middleware
  middleware_stack
end

def controller_name

Delegates to the class's ::controller_name. 
def controller_name
  self.class.controller_name
end

def dispatch(name, request, response) # :nodoc:

:nodoc: 
def dispatch(name, request, response) # :nodoc:
  set_request!(request)
  set_response!(response)
  process(name)
  request.commit_flash
  to_a
end

def inherited(subclass) 

def inherited(subclass)
  super
  subclass.middleware_stack = middleware_stack.dup
  subclass.class_eval do
    @controller_name = nil
  end
end

def initialize 

def initialize
  @_request = nil
  @_response = nil
  @_response_body = nil
  @_routes = nil
  @_params = nil
  super
end

def params 

def params
  @_params ||= request.parameters
end

def params=(val) 

def params=(val)
  @_params = val
end

def performed?

Tests if render or redirect has already happened. 
def performed?
  response_body || response.committed?
end

def reset_session 

def reset_session
  @_request.reset_session
end

def response=(response)

Assign the response and mark it as committed. No further processing will occur. 
def response=(response)
  set_response!(response)
  # Force `performed?` to return true:
  @_response_body = true
end

def response_body=(body) 

def response_body=(body)
  if body
    body = [body] if body.is_a?(String)
    response.body = body
    super
  else
    response.reset_body!
  end
end

def set_request!(request) # :nodoc:

:nodoc: 
def set_request!(request) # :nodoc:
  @_request = request
  @_request.controller_instance = self
end

def set_response!(response) # :nodoc:

:nodoc: 
def set_response!(response) # :nodoc:
  if @_response
    _, _, body = @_response
    body.close if body.respond_to?(:close)
  end
  @_response = response
end

def to_a # :nodoc:

:nodoc: 
def to_a # :nodoc:
  response.to_a
end

def url_for(string)

Basic \url_for that can be overridden for more robust functionality. 
def url_for(string)
  string
end

def use(...)

middleware stack.
Pushes the given Rack middleware and its arguments to the bottom of the 
def use(...)
  middleware_stack.use(...)
end